NCERT/Class 10/Science/Heredity

Heredity

Class 10 · Science

150 questions56 easy45 medium49 hard

Sample Questions

Q1.A student crosses two pea plants and gets the following F2 results: 90 tall round, 30 tall wrinkled, 31 short round, 10 short wrinkled. What were the most likely genotypes of the F1 plants and what ratio do these results approximately represent?

  • AF1 plants were TtRr × TtRr; ratio ≈ 9:3:3:1
  • BF1 plants were TTRR × ttrr; ratio = 1:1
  • CF1 plants were TTrr × ttRR; ratio = 3:1
  • DF1 plants were TtRR × Ttrr; ratio = 3:1

Q2.What process creates new allele combinations in offspring during sexual reproduction?

  • ADNA replication
  • BTranscription
  • CMeiosis and fertilization
  • DMitosis

Q3.In a cross between a pure-breeding tall plant (TT) and a pure-breeding short plant (tt), a student claims all F2 offspring should be tall. Identify the flaw in this reasoning.

  • AThe student is correct
  • BThe flaw is assuming F1 plants (Tt) are pure-breeding tall; when Tt self-pollinates, it produces 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt, so 1/4 of F2 are short (tt)
  • CThe flaw is that F2 plants don't exist
  • DThe flaw is that TT × tt would produce only short plants

Q4.If the genotypic ratio of F2 in a monohybrid cross is 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt, and tallness (T) is incompletely dominant over shortness (t), what phenotypic ratio would you expect?

  • A3:1 (tall:short)
  • B1:2:1 (tall:medium:short)
  • CAll tall
  • D1:1 (tall:short)

Q5.A woman (XX) and a man (XY) have a child. What is the probability that the child is a boy?

  • A25%
  • B75%
  • C100%
  • D50%

Q6.This is a sample question to preview what you'll get in the full practice test...

  • A. Option one
  • B. Option two
  • C. Option three
  • D. Option four
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Concepts Covered

1:1 ratio1:1:1:1 ratio3:1 ratio9:3:3:1 ratioDNADNA replicationDarwinF1 generationF1 genotype determinationF2 generationMendelMendel's actual dataMendel's experimental designMendel's experimentsMendel's factorsMendel's key insightMendel's pea plant experimentsMendelian inheritancePunnett squareX-linked recessiveXX-XYY chromosomeaccumulation of variationadaptationalbinismallele frequencyallelesallopatric speciationanalogous organsantibiotic resistanceasexual reproductionbat wingbiochemical pathwayblending theorycarriercell biologycell divisioncentral dogmachromosomescommon ancestrycomplementary approachescontrasting traitsconvergent evolutioncrossing overdata analysisdata interpretationdifferential reproductiondihybrid crossdiploiddominancedominant traitecosystemsenergyenzymeevidence for evolutionevolutionevolution of sex chromosomesfossilsfounder effectgametesgarden peagenegene expressiongene flowgene frequencygene-to-trait pathwaygenesgenetic divergencegenetic diversitygenetic driftgenetic informationgenetic variationgenotypegenotype classesgenotype determinationgenotype vs phenotypegenotypic ratiogeographic isolationgeological recordhaploidhaplosufficiencyheredityheritable variationheterozygousheterozygous carrierhistory of geneticshomologous organshomologous vs analogous organshomozygoushomozygous dominanthomozygous recessivehuman armhuman geneticsincomplete dominanceindependent assortmentinheritance patternsinherited traitsintermediate speciationinterpretation of evidenceisland biogeographylaw of independent assortmentlaw of segregationmacroevolutionmeiosismethodologymicroevolutionmodel organismmolecular basismolecular basis of dominancemolecular datamolecular phylogeneticsmonohybrid crossmultiple genesmutationnatural selectionnew combinationsnucleusparental contributionparticulate inheritancepea plant experimentsphenotypephenotypic ratiophotosynthesisphysical basis of heredityplant heightpopulation geneticsprobabilityprobability calculationprotein functionpure-breedingrecessive allelerecessive diseaserecessive traitrecombinationrelationshipreproductionreproductive isolationseed colourseed shapesegregationselection pressuresex chromosomessex determinationsex-linked inheritancesexual reproductionspeciationsurvivaltest crossvariationvestigial organs

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